No ke aha ʻo 17-4 Stainless Steel ke koho mea maikaʻi loa no nā Orthodontic Brackets?

Hoʻolauna

Pono nā pale Orthodontic e paʻa i nā ana kikoʻī me ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana i ke kaomi nau mau, ka torque uea, a me nā pōʻaiapuni mālama lōʻihi, no laila e pili pololei ke koho ʻana i nā mea i ka hana a me ka hilinaʻi. Ma waena o nā mea hao i loaʻa, kū i waho ke kila kila paʻakikī 17-4 no ka mea e hoʻohui pū ana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa me ke kūpaʻa ikaika i ka pala a me ka hana pololei. Kōkua kēia mau waiwai i nā pale e kūʻē i ka deformation, mālama i ke geometry slot, a mālama i ka hōʻike mau o ka torque i kūkulu ʻia a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka niho. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke kumu e hana maikaʻi ai kēia mea hao e hāʻawi i ka poʻe heluhelu i kahi ʻike maopopo o ke ʻano o ka hoʻolālā bracket, ka ʻoluʻolu o ka mea maʻi, a me ka wānana lapaʻau, e hoʻonohonoho ana i nā mea koʻikoʻi a me nā pono lapaʻau i ʻimi ʻia ma ke koena o ka ʻatikala.

No ke aha e koho ai i ke kila kila 17-4

Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā brackets Orthodontic i nā mana multidirectional paʻakikī i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, e koi ana i nā mea e hāʻawi ana i ke kūpaʻa mechanical kūikawā. Ma waena o nā ʻano alloys like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana orthodontic, ua kū mai ke kila kila 17-4 precipitation-hardening (PH) ma ke ʻano he kūlana ʻoihana. ʻIke ʻia ma ke ʻano metallurgically ʻo Type 630, hāʻawi kēia kila kila martensitic i kahi hui makemake nui ʻia o ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka corrosion, a me ka hana pololei.

No nā noi orthodontic, pono ka mea e kū i nā ikaika masticatory a me ka torque i hoʻomau ʻia enā uea hoʻāme ka ʻole o ka hana ʻana i ka plastic deformation.17-4 kila kilahoʻokō i kahi ikaika hua kupaianaha e hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o 1,170 MPa (170 ksi) ke mālama pono ʻia i ka wela, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana e noho paʻa loa nā ana koʻikoʻi o ke kau bracket (ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻōnaehana maʻamau 0.018-ʻīniha a i ʻole 0.022-ʻīniha) i ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻAe kēia kūpaʻa kūkulu i nā mea hana e hoʻolālā i nā brackets haʻahaʻa, ʻoluʻolu loa me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka pono mechanical e pono ai no ka neʻe ʻana o ka niho maikaʻi.

Nā pono hilinaʻi lapaʻau

ʻO ka hilinaʻi lapaʻau i ka orthodontics e hilinaʻi ana i ka hōʻike wānana o ka torque (pinepine mai -7° a +22°), piko, a me nā neʻe ʻana i loko a i waho i kūkulu ʻia i loko o ke kauoha bracket. Ke hoʻololi ʻia kahi slot bracket ma lalo o ke kaumaha o kahi archwire rectangular kaumaha, ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o ka niho i kuhikuhi ʻia, e alakaʻi ana i nā manawa lapaʻau lōʻihi a me nā hopena i manaʻo ʻole ʻia. Pale aku ke kila kila 17-4 i kēia hoʻololi ʻana o ke slot, e ʻae ana i nā mea hana e mālama i nā hoʻomanawanui paʻa - pinepine e like me ka paʻakikī o +/- 0.001 ʻīniha - ʻo ia hoʻi nā hopena lapaʻau i manaʻo ʻia.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kūpaʻa o ka mea e hōʻemi ana i ka pilikia o ka haki ʻana o nā ʻēheu nakinaki i ka wā o ka ligation a i ʻole ke nahu hewa nā mea maʻi i nā meaʻai paʻakikī. Ma ka hōʻemi nui ʻana i nā kipa ulia pōpilikia a me nā helu hāʻule ʻana o ka bracket, hāʻawi ka kila kila 17-4 i nā mea hana me kahi mea hana hilinaʻi loa e kākoʻo ana i nā ikaika biomechanical i hoʻopau ʻole ʻia mai ka pae pae mua a hiki i nā kikoʻī hope loa.

No ke aha e ʻoi aku ai kona maikaʻi ma mua o ke kila kila maʻamau

Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā kila kila austenitic generic, e like me 304, 316L, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​alloys maʻamau 18-8, i nā mea lapaʻau maʻamau akā ʻaʻole i lawa i nā noi orthodontic kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka palena mua o nā kila kila 300-series ʻo ko lākou hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻakikī ʻia ma o ka mālama wela; hilinaʻi wale lākou i ka hana anu e hoʻokō i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, kahi mea i lawa ʻole no nā ʻāpana miniaturized.

I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ua hana ʻia ke kila kila kila 17-4 i kahi kaʻina hana hoʻopaʻakikī e hana ai i kahi ʻano martensitic i hoʻomaʻemaʻe loa ʻia. ʻAe kēia hoʻololi metallurgical iā 17-4 e hiki i nā pae paʻakikī a hiki i ka 44 HRC (Rockwell Hardness Scale C), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka 20-25 HRC maʻamau o ka annealed 316L (kahi e hua pinepine ai ma 170-310 MPa wale nō). No laila, hāʻawi ʻo 17-4 i ka pono o ke ʻano hana kiʻekiʻe, e ʻae ana i ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻolālā bracket miniaturized, aesthetically pleasant kahi e hua ai a hiolo paha nā alloys generic ma lalo o nā ukana lapaʻau.

Nā Waiwai Koʻikoʻi o ke Kila Kila 17-4

ʻO ka hana kūikawā o ke kila kila 17-4 i ka orthodontics e pili pono ana i kona ʻano metallurgical kūikawā a me kāna pane ʻana i ka hana wela. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, aia ka alloy i 15.0% a 17.5% chromium, 3.0% a 5.0% nickel, a me 3.0% a 5.0% keleawe, me nā nui liʻiliʻi o ke columbium (niobium) a me ka tantalum. Hoʻokumu kēia hui pololei i kahi mea e kaulike ai i ka paʻa mechanical o nā kila martensitic me ke kūpaʻa o ke kaiapuni o nā papa austenitic.

He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau waiwai no nā Mea Hana Lako Kumu (OEM) a me nā kauka lapaʻau, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e kuhikuhi wale i ka hana o ka bracket i loko o ka waha akā pehea hoʻi e hana ʻia ai, hoʻopau ʻia, a sterilized ai.

Ikaika, paʻakikī, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu

Hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia nā ʻano mechanical o ke kila kila 17-4 ma o nā hana wela kūikawā. Ma ke kūlana H900 (e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma 482°C / 900°F no hoʻokahi hola), loaʻa i ka mea ka ikaika tensile hope loa a hiki i ka 1,310 MPa (190 ksi). Hoʻopili ʻia kēia ikaika nui me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, kahi e unuhi pololei ʻia ai i ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu kūikawā.

I loko o ke ʻano o ka orthodontics, he mea nui ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu. I ka paheʻe ʻana o nā uea kila kila, titanium, a i ʻole nickel-titanium ma o ke kōpana bracket, hiki i ka friction a me ka ʻaʻahu mechanical ke hoʻololi i nā ana o ke kōpana i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. ʻO ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe o 17-4 e hoʻemi i kēia ʻaʻahu abrasive, e pale ana i ka uea archwire mai ka nakinaki ʻana a i ʻole ka notching ʻana i ke kōpana, no laila e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ananā mīkini paheʻe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻama o ke kaʻina hana lapaʻau maʻamau he 18 a 24 mau mahina.

Ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala a me ka hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia

He ʻino loa ke kaiapuni waha, i hōʻailona ʻia e nā pae pH loli (e hāʻule pinepine ana ma lalo o ka pH 5.5 ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana), ka hana enzymatic, a me ka makū mau. ʻO ka 15.0% a 17.5% chromium i loko o ke kila kila 17-4 e kōkua i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi papa oxide paʻa a passive e pale ana i ka metala ma lalo mai ka oxidation a me ka hoʻouka kaua ʻino. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala ma mua o 316L, hana maikaʻi loa ka 17-4 i loko o ka waha, e pale ana i ka palaho a me ka degradation mai ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai acidic.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka nui a me ke ʻano like o 17-4 e hoʻolilo iā ia i mea hiki ke hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia. Hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻohana i ka hoʻopau nui ʻana, ka electropolishing, a i ʻole ka mechanical tumbling e hoʻokō ai i kahi ʻili o ka ʻili (Ra) ma lalo o 0.2 micrometers. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia hoʻopau e like me ke aniani no ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka plaque, ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe o ka mea maʻi, a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke coefficient of friction e kūʻē i ka archwire.

Nā kūlana a me nā kikoʻī pili

I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka palekana o ka mea maʻi a me ka pono o ka huahana, pono ke kila kila 17-4 i hoʻohana ʻia i nā orthodontics e kūlike me nā kūlana honua koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka kikoʻī pili loa ʻo ASTM F899, ke Kikoʻī Maʻamau no nā kila kila i hana ʻia no nā mea hana ʻokiʻoki, kahi e wehewehe ana i ka haku mele kemika a me nā koi mechanical no ka papa lapaʻau 17-4.

Eia kekahi, hoʻohana pinepine nā mea hana i ka ASTM A564 no nā koi maʻamau o ke kila kila paʻakikī i ʻōwili wela ʻia a me ke anu. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau kūlana e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana ua noa ka mea maka mai nā haumia ʻino (e like me ka sulfur nui a i ʻole ka phosphorus, i kaupalena ʻia ma 0.030% a me 0.040% pakahi) a loaʻa iā ia ka pono microstructural e pono ai e hala i ka hoʻāʻo biocompatibility ISO 10993-5 (cytotoxicity) a me ISO 10993-10 (sensitization).

17-4 Ke kila kila vs nā mea ʻē aʻe

ʻOiai ʻo ke kila kila 17-4 ka mea e noho aliʻi ana ma luna oʻaukā orthodonticmakeke, ua loiloi pinepine ʻia e kūʻē i nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ke kila kila 316L, titanium maʻemaʻe, nā hui cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr), a me ka polycrystalline alumina (ceramic). Hōʻike kēlā me kēia mea i kahi ʻano kū hoʻokahi o nā waiwai mechanical, nā ʻano aesthetic, a me nā kumukūʻai hana.

ʻO ke koho ʻana i ka mea kūpono e pono ai ke kaulike pono ʻana o ka pono lapaʻau, ka ʻoluʻolu o ka mea maʻi, a me ka hiki ke hoʻokele waiwai. Hōʻike ka hoʻohālikelike pololei i ke kumu e noho mau ai ʻo 17-4 i kumu hoʻohālikelike makemake ʻia no nā pale hao kiʻekiʻe.

Nā pae hoʻohālikelike koʻikoʻi

I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā mea orthodontic, nānā nā ʻenekinia a me nā kauka lapaʻau i ka ikaika o ka hua, ka paʻakikī, ke koina friction, a me ka biocompatibility. Hoʻoholo ka ikaika o ka hua i ke kūpaʻa o ka bracket i ka deformation, ʻoiai ʻo ka paʻakikī e hoʻopilikia i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka friction. Loiloi ʻia ka biocompatibility ma muli o ka hiki o ka mea ke hoʻoulu i nā hopena allergies, e kālele ana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka nickel.

Nā pono hana

E kūʻē i ke kila kila 316L, hāʻawi ʻo 17-4 i ka ikaika hua ma mua o ka pākolu, e ʻae ana i nā ʻaoʻao bracket liʻiliʻi loa (mini-twins) me ka ʻole o ka mōhai ʻana i ke kūpaʻa. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka titanium, hōʻike ʻo 17-4 i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe loa, kahi e pale ai i ka nakinaki archwire koʻikoʻi a me nā pilikia notching e pili pinepine ʻia me nā brackets titanium palupalu.

Eia kekahi, ʻoiai ke hāʻawi nei nā pale keramika i nā hiʻohiʻona nani maikaʻi loa, ʻo ko lākou palupalu kūlohelohe e alakaʻi ai i nā haki pinepine o nā ʻēheu nakinaki a me nā kaʻina hana debonding paʻakikī e hiki ai ke hōʻino i ka enamel niho. Pale loa ke kila kila 17-4 i kēia mau hemahema pōʻino, e hāʻawi ana i kahi koho ductile akā kūpaʻa loa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka wānana lapaʻau.

Nā kūkaʻi koʻikoʻi

ʻO ke kūkaʻi mua e pili ana me ke kila kila 17-4 ʻo ia kona nui o ka nickel. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o 316L (nona ka 10-14% nickel), hiki i ka 3-5% nickel ma 17-4 ke hoʻoulu i ka hypersensitivity i nā poʻe maʻi maʻalahi. Hōʻike ka ʻikepili epidemiological ma kahi o 10-15% o ka heluna kanaka i loaʻa i kekahi ʻano allergy nickel.

No kēia mau maʻi kikoʻī, pono nā orthodontists e pani i nā brackets 17-4 me nā koho ʻē aʻe nickel-free, e like me ka titanium maʻemaʻe a i ʻole nā ​​brackets keramika, ʻoiai ko lākou mau pilikia mechanical. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā brackets 17-4 ka ʻike maka ʻole o nā aligners maopopo a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea hana keramika lingual, e hoʻonoho pono ana iā lākou ma ke ʻano he mau mea hana biomechanical kuʻuna a hana nui ma mua o nā hopena aesthetic.

Nā Manaʻo Hana Hana a me ka Mana Kūlana

ʻO nā geometries paʻakikī o nā brackets orthodontic hou—e hōʻike ana i nā contours hui, nā torque-in-base angulations pololei, a me nā undercuts no ka ligation—e hoʻolilo i ka machining subtractive kuʻuna i mea kūpono ʻole. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻohana nui ka ʻoihana.Hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka Metala (MIM)e like me ke kaʻina hana maʻamau no nā pale kila kila 17-4.

Hoʻohui ʻo MIM i ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka inikini palaki me ka pono o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka metala i hana ʻia, akā koi ia i nā kaʻina hana hoʻomalu maikaʻi koʻikoʻi e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka huahana hope loa i nā kūlana lapaʻau koʻikoʻi.

Nā ʻano hana a me ka mālama wela

Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana MIM ma ke kāwili ʻana i ka pauka kila kila 17-4 maikaʻi loa me kahi mea hoʻopaʻa thermoplastic e hana i kahi feedstock. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia feedstock i loko o nā ʻōmole maʻamau e hana i kahi 'ʻāpana ʻōmaʻomaʻo' ma kahi o 15-20% ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka bracket hope loa. A laila wehe ʻia ka mea hoʻopaʻa ma ke ʻano kemika a i ʻole ka thermal, e hana ana i kahi 'ʻāpana brown', kahi e sintered ʻia ai i loko o kahi vacuum wela kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka umu hydrogen ma kahi o 1,300°C.

I ka wā o ka sintering, hoʻemi ka bracket i kona mau ana hope loa, e hoʻokō ana i kahi density e ʻoi aku ma mua o 97% o nā mea i hana ʻia (maʻamau >7.5 g/cm³). Ma hope o ka sintering, hana nā brackets i ka precipitation hardness. ʻO ka lāʻau maʻamau no ka orthodontics ʻo Condition H900, kahi e hoʻomehana ʻia ai nā ʻāpana i 482°C no hoʻokahi hola a hoʻomaʻalili ʻia i ka ea, e hoʻonui ana i ko lākou ikaika a me ka paʻakikī no ka hoʻohana lapaʻau.

Nānā, hiki ke hahai ʻia, a me ke kūlike

Ma muli o ke kāohi pololei ʻana o nā ana o ke kau bracket i ka neʻe ʻana o ka niho, ʻo ka nānā ʻana i nā ana he pae koʻikoʻi o ka kaohi maikaʻi. Hoʻohana nā mea hana i nā Mīkini Mea Ana Hoʻohui Optical automated (CMM) i hiki ke hōʻoia i nā laulā a me nā hohonu o ke kau me ka pololei a hiki i 2 microns. Ke koi nei ke kūlana ʻoihana i nā helu hemahema ma lalo o 0.1% (<1,000 PPM) no nā hemahema o ke ana.

Ua kauoha ʻia ka traceability e nā lula o nā mea lapaʻau e like meISO 13485 a me FDA 21 CFR Māhele 820Pono e hiki ke huli ʻia kēlā me kēia pūʻulu o nā pale MIM 17-4 i ka nui kikoʻī o ka pauka metala maka. ʻO ka palapala hoʻokō e pili ana i nā hōʻike hoʻāʻo mea (MTR) e hōʻoia ana i ka haku mele kemika, nā log umu sintering, a me nā nānā ʻana i ka nui ma hope o ka sintering, pono e hōʻoia mau i ka nui hope loa ma mua o 7.5 g/cm³.

Nā ʻanuʻu hōʻoia no ka mea hoʻolako

No nā OEM e kiʻi ana i nā paleki 17-4 mai nā mea hana ʻaelike, he mea nui ka hōʻoia koʻikoʻi o ka mea hoʻolako. ʻO ka hana mua e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i nā hiki MIM o ka mea hoʻolako, e nānā pono ana i kā lākou pololei o ka mea hana a me nā kaohi umu sintering, ʻoiai ʻo nā loli o ka mahana o 10°C i ka wā sintering hiki ke hana i ka warpage dimensional i hiki ʻole ke ʻae ʻia.

Pono nā mea kūʻai aku e hōʻoia i nā hiki o ka mea hoʻolako ma hope o ka hana ʻana. Hoʻokomo pū kēia i ka nānā ʻana i kā lākou mau kaʻina hana tumbling, electropolishing, a me passivation e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā brackets i ka Ra < 0.2 µm surface finish i koi ʻia. ʻO ka mea hope loa, pono ka mea hoʻolako e hāʻawi i ka hōʻoia ʻaoʻao ʻekolu e hala ana kā lākou mau ʻāpana 17-4 i hoʻopau ʻia i ka ISO 10993-5 cytotoxicity a me ka sensitization testing, e hōʻoia ana ua hoʻopau loa ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa MIM i koe.

Alakaʻi Koho a me ke Kumukūʻai

ʻO ke kūʻai ʻana i nā pale kila kila 17-4 e pono ai ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā mea hoʻokele kumukūʻai i loko o ke kaʻina hana MIM a me ka waiwai lapaʻau lōʻihi e hāʻawi ai ka mea. ʻOiai hiki i nā mea ʻē aʻe ke hāʻawi i nā kumukūʻai mea maka haʻahaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​pono aesthetic niche, hōʻike ʻo 17-4 i ke kaulike kūpono o ka hana ʻana, ka lōʻihi, a me ka hoʻokele waiwai unit.

No nā mea hoʻolaha niho, OEM, a me nā mea kūʻai lapaʻau, ʻo ka hoʻokele ʻana i ke kaulahao hoʻolako no kēia mau brackets ʻo ia hoʻi ka loiloi ʻana i nā hoʻopukapuka hana mua e kūʻē i nā mālama hana nui.

Kumukūʻai vs waiwai lōʻihi

ʻO ke kumukūʻai o nā mea maka no ka 17-4 MIM feedstock maʻamau mai $15 a $25 no ke kilokani. No ka mea he hapa wale nō o ka gram ke kaumaha o kahi bracket orthodontic hoʻokahi (maʻamau he 0.1 a 0.3 grams), he mea liʻiliʻi ke kumukūʻai o nā mea maka no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana. ʻO nā mea hoʻokele kumukūʻai maoli, ʻo ia ka mea hana hoʻoheheʻe injection, ke kaʻina hana sintering ikaika, a me ka hana hope me ka noʻonoʻo e pono ai no nā hoʻopau lapaʻau.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiwai lapaʻau i hana ʻia e nā brackets 17-4 ma mua o kā lākou kumukūʻai hana.

Nā Manaʻo Koʻikoʻi

• ʻO nā hopena koʻikoʻi a me ke kumu no ke aha ʻo 17-4 Stainless Steel ke koho mea maikaʻi loa no nā Orthodontic Brackets?
• Nā kikoʻī, ka hoʻokō ʻana, a me nā loiloi pilikia e pono ke hōʻoia ʻia ma mua o kou hoʻohiki ʻana
• Nā hana kūpono a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hiki i ka poʻe heluhelu ke noi koke

Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia

No ke aha i makemake nui ʻia ai ke kila kila 17-4 no nā pale niho?

Hāʻawi ia i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka paʻakikī hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka wela, a me ke kūpaʻa i ka pala, e kōkua ana i nā ʻāpana bracket e mālama i ko lākou ʻano a hāʻawi i ka neʻe ʻana o ka niho i hiki ke wānana ʻia.

Pehea e hoʻohālikelike ai ke kila kila 17-4 me 304 a i ʻole 316L no nā paleki?

Hiki ke hoʻopaʻakikī ʻia ka 17-4 i ka ua, no laila ʻoi aku ka ikaika a ʻoi aku ka pale ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu ma mua o nā kila kila kila 300-series maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi haʻahaʻa-koʻikoʻi.

He aha ka pōmaikaʻi lapaʻau e loaʻa mai ana mai ka paʻa maikaʻi o ke kau?

Hoʻomaikaʻi nā ana o ke kau paʻa i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka torque, hoʻēmi i ka deformation me nā uea rectangular, a kōkua i ka hoʻopōkole ʻana i nā lohi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hana bracket kūlike ʻole.

Ke kōkua nei anei ke kila kila 17-4 i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka haki ʻana o ka bracket?

ʻAe. ʻO kona paʻakikī a me kona paʻakikī e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pilikia o ka haki a me ke komo ʻana o nā ʻēheu nakinaki, hiki ke hōʻemi i nā kipa rebonding ulia pōpilikia i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana.

Hāʻawi anei ʻo Denrotary i nā pale niho kila kila 17-4?

ʻAe. Hōʻike ʻo Denrotary i nā pale kila kila MIM 17-4 a hana i nā huahana orthodontic ma lalo o nā ʻōnaehana maikaʻi CE, FDA, a me ISO13485.